制度已崩坏，我们受够了！
The system is broken, we have had enough
世界海员和码头工人工会要求立即结束海员人道危机，并呼吁各国政府正视「方便旗」制度，该制度助长了剥削，却未能保护海员。
World’s seafarers’ and dockers’ unions demand immediate end to seafarer humanitarian crisis – call for governments to confront the Flag of Convenience system that enables exploitation and fails to protect seafarers.
世界各海事工会代表齐聚国际运输工人联盟（ITF）公平实践委员会（Fair Practices Committee，FPC），以前所未有的团结姿态，要求立即结束波斯湾海员面临的人道危机。
The world’s maritime unions came together at the ITF’s Fair Practices Committee in an unprecedented show of solidarity to demand an immediate end to the humanitarian crisis faced by seafarers in the Persian Gulf.
各工会重申ITF的呼吁 — 各方应永久停火并全面缓和局势，立即启动以国际法为基础的外交斡旋。他们谴责以色列和美国的非法轰炸，以及伊朗随后在该地区发动的报复性攻击，认为这些行为违反了国际法最基本的原则：禁止使用武力。
The unions reiterate the ITF’s call for a permanent ceasefire and full de-escalation by all parties, and the urgent initiation of diplomacy grounded in international law. They condemn the illegal bombing carried out by Israel and the United States, and the subsequent retaliatory attacks launched by Iran across the region, in violation of the most fundamental rule of international law: the prohibition on the use of force.
超过2万名海员仍然被困在霍尔木兹海峡，他们面临恐惧和前景不明，与家人失散，许多人面临食物、水和燃料短缺的困境。
More than 20,000 seafarers remain trapped inside the Strait of Hormuz, facing fear and uncertainty, cut off from their families, and in many cases running short of food, water and fuel.
海员在非自愿的情况下进入战区，因袭击而丧生或受伤。他们大多来自全球南方国家，离乡别井，为世界各地的经济体和社会运送货物。然而，他们却沦为地缘政治冲突的棋子。
Seafarers have been killed and injured in attacks in a war zone they did not choose to enter. They are workers largely from the Global South, far from home, carrying the world’s cargo on behalf of all our economies and communities. Yet they are being used as pawns in geopolitical conflict.
该地区海员的心理健康承受着巨大的压力，而雇主 — 包括我们在国际谈判论坛的合作伙伴 — 仍然拒绝为海员提供更完善的心理社会伤害保护，甚至在最绝望的情况下，拒绝提供针对自杀的保护。
The mental health of seafarers in the region is under immense strain, and employers – including our partners in the International Bargaining Forum – continue to deny enhanced protections for psychosocial harm, including suicide in the most desperate cases.
国际运输工人联盟（ITF）及其属会数十年来一直在与方便旗制度斗争。我们揭露了这项制度的本质，开展了反对运动，记录了对人类造成的后果，并要求各国政府采取行动废除。
The ITF and our affiliated unions have been fighting the Flag of Convenience (FOC) system for decades. We have named it, campaigned against it, documented its human consequences, and demanded that governments act to end it.
此刻，我们要再次揭露：方便旗制度是剥削海员的核心毒瘤。在这场危机中，我们检查员和支援团队每天都在处理许多源于此制度的剥削事件。正是这种制度支撑着影子船队，导致海员被遗弃人数屡创新高，并在新冠疫情期间的船员换班危机中，造成了最严重的剥削行为。而各国政府一年复一年，在一次又一次的危机中，都选择让海员失望。We are naming it again now: the FOC system is the rotten apple at the core of seafarer exploitation. Within this crisis, it is behind many of the abuses our inspectors and support teams are dealing with daily. It is the enabling architecture behind the shadow fleet, behind record-breaking abandonment figures and behind the worst abuses of the Covid-19 crew change crisis. And governments have chosen, year after year, crisis after crisis, to fail seafarers.
制度已经崩坏，我们有证据。
The system is broken, we have the evidence
自美以伊战争爆发以来，国际运输工人联盟 （ITF） 接获来自该地区海员的2,200多宗求助。其中一半与未支付工资和合约应得权益有关、约20%要求遣返回家；约10%涉及船舶燃料和物资严重短缺问题。迄今，ITF已协助遣返逾540名海员。
Since the US/Israel-Iran war began, the ITF has received over 2,200 requests for assistance from seafarers in the region. Half relate to unpaid wages and contractual entitlements; around 20% are requests for repatriation; and roughly 10% concern vessels running critically low on essential fuel and supplies. To date, the ITF has assisted in the repatriation of more than 540 seafarers.
这场人道危机并非毫无预兆。 ITF的数据显示，2025年再次成为被遗弃海员人数最多的一年 — 共有6223名海员遭遗弃，比前一年增加了32%，这也是被遗弃人数连续第六年上升。一场早已触发的危机。
This crisis did not arrive without warning. The ITF’s data showed that 2025 was again the worst year on record for seafarer abandonment – with 6,223 seafarers abandoned, a 32% increase on the previous year and the sixth consecutive year of rising cases. A crisis that was already happening.
在方便旗制度下，船东可以在与船舶拥有权、管理或运营没有任何实际联系的国家注册船旗 — 这违反了《联合国海洋法公约》。船旗国收取注册费，却只提供最低限度的审查和承担几乎等于零的责任。他们出售的是无需执法的主权。
Under the FOC system, a shipowner can register a vessel in a state with no genuine link to its ownership, management or operation – in contravention of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. In exchange for registration fees, flag states offer minimal scrutiny and near-zero accountability. They are selling enforcement-free sovereignty.
船东可以合法地购买船旗，然后肆意剥削船员，遗弃船舶，翌日就换个船旗注册 — 这足以说明海事管治的岌岌可危。
The simple fact that a shipowner can buy a flag, exploit a crew, abandon a vessel, and register under a different flag tomorrow – legally – tells you everything about the parlous state of maritime governance.
船旗国和不择手段的雇主屡次辜负海员，却逍遥法外。最糟糕的方便旗船籍国完全推卸对船员的责任。这是一种选择，一种为了收取注册费而放弃维护和保护海员权利的选择。
Flag states and unscrupulous employers have failed seafarers repeatedly, without consequence. The worst FOC flags have shown a complete derogation of responsibility towards their crews. That is a choice, a choice to collect registration fees over enforcing and protecting seafarers’ rights.
我们的诉求Our demands：
1. 所有船舶注册必须公开利益船东的资讯。
Mandatory beneficial ownership transparency for all vessel registrations.
2. 政府对方便旗制度展开调查。
Government investigations into the FOC system.
3. 强制执行「真实联系」原则 — 无法证明存在此联系的船旗国不应持有颁发船旗的权利。
Enforcement of the ‘genuine link’ – flag states that cannot demonstrate this link should lose the right to issue flags.
4. 对屡次违反《海事劳工公约》义务的船旗国追究全部责任。
Full accountability for flag states that repeatedly breach their Maritime Labour Convention obligations.
5. 保障被遗弃海员的遣返权、工资追偿权和法律补偿权 – 如果找不到船东，则船旗国应承担经济责任。
A guaranteed right to repatriation, wage recovery, and legal redress for abandoned seafarers – with flag states held financially liable where shipowners cannot be found.
方便旗制度是透过多国政府的主动选择建立和扩展的。它也可以透过不同的选择进行改革。海员被遗弃、假船旗、影子船队、规避制裁 — 这些都是制度失灵的相互关联后果。除非制度得到改革，否则这些问题将不断重演。
The FOC system was built and expanded through the active choices of governments. It can be reformed through different choices. Seafarer abandonment, false flags, shadow fleets, sanctions evasion – these are interconnected outcomes of a failing system. They will keep repeating until the system is reformed.
身为世界海员和码头工人工会的代表，我们在此声明：我们受够了。受够了剥削。受够了遗弃。受够了将维持全球经济运作的人视为可有可无的制度。
As representatives of the world’s seafarers’ and dockers’ unions, we say this: We have had enough. Enough exploitation. Enough abandonment. Enough of a system that treats the people who keep the global economy moving as expendable.
全世界都在关注霍尔木兹海峡。国际社会必须做出抉择：是否真心希望维持全球贸易运作的工人获得保障？
The world is watching the Strait of Hormuz. The international community must decide whether it is serious about protecting the workers who keep global trade moving.
Resource from：https://www.itfseafarers.org/en/news/system-broken-we-have-had-enough
